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Properties and application of polyethylene wax

Properties and application of polyethylene wax

2021-12-07

The color of polyethylene wax is mostly white or light yellow, and the shape can be made into block, sheet or powder according to different needs. The relative molecular weight is about 1000-4000, which is about 95 ℃. Polyethylene wax has the characteristics of non-toxic, non corrosivity, large hardness, high softening point and low melting viscosity. It has good moisture resistance, chemical resistance, electrical performance, wear and heat resistance, and hole smoothness It has good dispersibility and fluidity. It can be used in combination with coatings, paints and inks. It can produce matting, dispersing and smooth effects. It has good compatibility with other kinds of waxes and polyolefin resins. 

Polyethylene wax is widely used in ink manufacturing, polishing wax, high-grade floor paint, high-grade car polishing wax, rubber demoulding and anti-aging agent. Softener, lubricant for textile processing, bright lubricant for PVC products, release agent, heat capacity adhesive. It is used to improve the gloss and durability of paper coatings, as cable fillers, diesel fluidity modifiers, cable color masterbatch additives, paperboard coatings, glass bottle coatings, hot-melt adhesives, special process candles, etc. high quality polyethylene differential wax can also be used in cosmetics and personal care products. Polyethylene wax is used as dispersant in the processing and production of color masterbatch.

Application of pe wax as color masterbatch dispersant

Polyethylene wax is widely used in color masterbatch processing. The purpose of adding · polyethylene wax is not only to improve the processing performance of the color masterbatch system, but also to promote the dispersion of pigments in the color masterbatch. The quality of the color masterbatch mainly depends on the dispersion of pigments. Good pigment dispersion, high coloring power of Color Masterbatch, good coloring quality of products and low coloring cost. Polyethylene wax can improve the pigment dispersion level to a certain extent. It is a common dispersant in the production of color masterbatch.

1.  Dispersion mechanism of wax pigment in Color Masterbatch

The application of polyethylene wax as pigment dispersant in color masterbatch in China began in 1976. At that time, it was mainly a by-product of high-density polyethylene polymerization. Polyethylene produced by pyrolysis method began in 1980 and is still today. 

Color masterbatch is a pigment concentrate with resin as carrier. Pigment exists in three states: primary particle, condensate and aggregate. The dispersion mechanism of raw materials is the process of breaking aggregate particles into agglomerates and primary particles, and stabilizing the newly generated particles.  The dispersion process of pigment in resin can be represented by the following three steps: firstly, the resin melt moistens the surface of pigment aggregate and penetrates into the internal pores; Secondly, the aggregates are broken under the action of external shear force and impact collision between pigment particles; Finally, the newly generated pigment particles are wetted and coated by the resin melt, which is stable and no longer agglomerated. These three steps can be simply expressed as: Lubrication - crushing - stabilization. The resin melt has high viscosity and poor compatibility with the pigment surface, so it has poor wetting and is difficult to penetrate into the pores of the mass. Therefore, it can not effectively transfer the shear force and is difficult to better break the mass. Even after the mass is broken, the resin melt can not quickly wet and protect the new surface, and the mutual collision and contact will cause the particles to re aggregate. In order to solve this problem, polyethylene wax can be added to the above system.

When the masterbatch system with polyethylene wax is processed, the polyethylene wax is first melted with the resin and coated on the pigment surface. Due to its low viscosity and good compatibility with pigments, polyethylene wax is easy to wet pigments and penetrate into the internal pores of pigment clusters, weaken cohesion, make pigment aggregates easier to open under the action of external shear force, and the newly generated particles can also be quickly wetted and protected. In addition, polyethylene wax can reduce the viscosity of the system and improve the fluidity. Therefore, adding polyethylene wax in Masterbatch production can improve the production efficiency, increase the output and allow higher pigment concentration.

2.  performance index of polyethylene wax of Color Masterbatch

Through the understanding of the action mechanism of polyethylene wax in color masterbatch and the actual processing and application, the polyethylene wax used in color masterbatch should have the following indexes:

(1) High thermal stability

Polyethylene wax used for Color Masterbatch must better withstand the processing temperature when manufacturing color masterbatch and forming colored products. If it vaporizes or decomposes, it will have an adverse effect on Color Masterbatch or colored products. The processing temperature of polyolefin color masterbatch and products is generally 160 - 280 ℃, in this temperature range, general polyethylene wax can withstand, while low molecular weight and paraffin produced by HDPE polymerization are difficult to withstand.

(2) Appropriate molecular weight range

Polymeric high polyethylene wax with basically the same molecular weight distribution is selected to disperse the pigment. Generally, the molecular weight of polyethylene wax is generally 1000-4000. Carbon black which is difficult to disperse is used as the pigment in the test. The results show that the dispersion ability of wax to carbon black gradually increases with the increase of molecular weight from 1000-4000.

(3) Narrow molecular weight distribution

The molecular weight distribution has a certain effect on the properties of polyethylene wax. Wax with similar molecular weight and different molecular weight distribution is used as the dispersant of carbon black masterbatch. When reaching the same coloring power, the dosage of 400p wax (MWD = 2.4) is 3%, while FA wax (MWD = 15.97) needs more than 10%. This shows that the wax with narrow molecular weight distribution has higher dispersion rate than that with wide molecular weight distribution, which shows that when the color masterbatch is used as dispersant, the polyethylene wax produced by polymerization is better than that by pyrolysis.

(4) Strong dispersion ability

Polyethylene wax can improve the dispersion of pigment, and the dispersion of pigment directly determines the coloring ability of color masterbatch. If the fibrillation material is well dispersed, the coloring power of masterbatch is high. Therefore, the dispersibility of polyethylene wax to pigment can be characterized by coloring power.

Qingdao Sainuo Chemical Co., Ltd. We are manufacturer of  PE wax, PP wax, OPE wax, EVA wax, PEMA, EBS, Zinc/Calcium Stearate…. Our products have passed the REACH, ROHS, PAHS, FDA testing.

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